GENDER OF NOUNS
Adult, artist, author, child, cook, cousin, dancer, driver, friend, engineer, journalist, lover, painter, parent, prisoner, singer, student, teacher, etc.
Most nouns are the same for both male and female
boy girl cock/rooster hen
brother sister bull cow
father mother dog bitch
king queen horse mare
man woman
nephew niece
son daughter
uncle aunt
Some are totally different in each gender
host hostess
prince princess
heir heiress
waiter waitress
actor actress
duke duchess
steward stewardess
Neuter
animal, bird, building, clothing, distance, fish, flower, food, furniture, plant, time, tree, weather, etc.
Are used for things, animals and abstract nouns.
Some add "ss" or "ess" for feminine
Some drop a vowel before adding "ess"
Some change "ke" by "ch" before adding "ess"